Phrase clause and sentence English grammar

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 The sentence 

A-B-C-D......Z are the alphabets in English.
They are also called letters.

If we put together some letters, we form a group of letters. 

But if that group of letters doesn't make any sense it cannot be called a word.
E.g. peytmsr

A meaningful group of letters is called a word.
E.g. t-a-b-l-e = table

In the same way, a meaningful group of words is called a phrase.(without any finite verb)

For example-
 on the table, in the class, under the bridge, in the afternoon etc.


A phrase makes a sense but not a complete since because it does not have verb.

For example
From the phrase 'in the class' we don't understand anything who/what, when, why etc. 

She was sitting in the class yesterday.

Now it makes a complete sense. This is a sentence.

Meaningful group of words which makes a complete sense and which has a finite verb  is called a sentence.

For example -
Books are kept on the table.
The boat was floating under the bridge.

Clause

Clauses is also a sentence but it is a part of a larger sentence.

For example-

If you come to me, I will help you.
The child was crying because it was hungry. 

Both of the above sentences are bigger sentences and they have two sub sentences in them. These smaller sentences are called clauses.

In the first sentence-
{I will help you} is a main clause
 and
{ if you come to me} is subordinate clause.
 and 
in the second sentence
{ The child was crying } is a main clause and 
{because it was hungry} is a subordinate clause.
Exercise 

Read the following text and state whether they are phrase ,clause or a complete sentence.

  1. Because she was unwell.
  2. She has lost her pen.
  3. Under the tree.
  4. In our class.
  5. Who stood first in the examination.
  6. I want a glass of water.
  7. I wrote a letter to my father.
  8. The top of the hill.
  9. With my brother.
  10. She likes reading short stories.
  11. She left her books on the table. 
  12. Although he was rich.
  13. That you have made a mistake.
  14. Of the people.
  15. We enjoy playing cricket.
  16. I enjoy watching television. 
  17. While we were sitting there.
  18. To tell lies is disgraceful.
  19. Seeing the boys.
  20. She sang a beautiful song.
  21. Children were playing in the park.
  22. She was standing in the middle of the room.
  23. That he was a good student.
  24. To my father.
  25. To the meeting.
  26. Who lives in Shimla.
  27. Do you like to swim?
  28. Working on Sundays gives me no pleasure.
  29. Which I had lost. 
  30. Did Ram behave well?
  31. This is a very interesting exercise.
  32. In a brave manner.
  33. In the morning.
  34. To win a prize is my ambition.
  35. If you work hard.
Answers


1. Because she was unwell.
Ans 
Clause

2. She has lost her pen.
Ans 
Sentence 

3. Under the tree.
Ans.
Phrase

4. In our class.
Ans 
Phrase

5. Who stood first in the examination.
Ans.
Clause

6. I want a glass of water.
Ans 
Sentence

7. I wrote a letter to my father.
Ans.
Sentence

8. The top of the hill.
Ans. 
Phrase

9. With my brother.
Ans.
Phrase

10. She likes reading short stories.
Ans.
Sentence

11. She left her books on the table.
Ans. 
Sentence 

12. Although he was rich.
Ans.
Clause 

13. That you have made a mistake.
Ans.
Clause 

14. Of the people.
Ans.
Phrase

15. We enjoy playing cricket.
Ans. 
Sentence

16. I enjoy watching television.
Ans.
Sentence 

17. While we were sitting there.
Ans.
Clause

18. To tell lies is disgraceful.
Ans.
Sentence

19. Seeing the boys.
Ans.
Phrase

20. She sang a beautiful song.
Ans.
Sentence 

21. Children were playing in the park.
Ans.
Sentence 

22. She was standing in the middle of the room.
Ans.
Sentence 

23.That he was a good student.
Ans.
Clause 

24. To my father.
Ans.
Phrase

25. To the meeting.
Ans.
Phrase 

26. Who lives in Shimla.
Ans.
Clause 

27. Do you like to swim?
Ans.
Sentence (question)

28. Working on Sundays gives me no pleasure.
Ans.
Sentence 

29. Which I had lost. 
Ans.
Clause 

30. Did Ram behave well?
Ans.
Sentence (question)
This is a very interesting exercise.

31. This is very interesting.
Ans. 
Sentence

32. In a brave manner.
Ans.
Phrase 

33. In the morning.
Ans.
Phrase 

34. To win a prize is my ambition.
Ans 
Sentence 

35. If you work hard.
Ans.
Clause 

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